\(a,n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,576}{22,4}=0,115\left(mol\right)\\ Đặt:n_{Mg}=a\left(mol\right);n_{Al}=b\left(mol\right)\left(a,b>0\right)\\ Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\\ 2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}95a+133,5b=10,475\\a+1,5b=0,115\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,04\\b=0,05\end{matrix}\right.\\ \%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,04.24}{0,04.24+0,05.27}.100\approx41,558\%\Rightarrow\%m_{Al}\approx58,442\%\\ b,n_{HCl}=2.n_{H_2}=2.0,115=0,23\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow x=C\%_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,23.36,5}{100}.100=8,395\%\)

Gọi $n_{Mg} = n_{Al} = a(mol) ; n_{Fe} = b(mol)$

Ta có : 

$24a + 27a + 56b = 15,8(1)$

$n_{HCl} > 2n_{H_2}$ nên HCl dư

Ta có : 

$n_{H_2} = a + 1,5a + b = \dfrac{13,44}{22,4} = 0,6(2)$

Từ (1)(2) suy ra a = 0,2 ; b = 0,1

$\%m_{Al} = \dfrac{0,2.27}{15,8}.100\% = 34,18\%$
$\%m_{Mg} = \dfrac{0,2.24}{15,8}.100\% = 30,38\%$

$\%m_{Fe} = 35,44\%$

$n_{HCl\ pư} = 2n_{H_2} = 1,2(mol)$
Bảo toàn khối lượng : $m_{muối} = 15,8 + 1,2.36,5 - 0,6.2 = 58,4(gam)$

PTHH: Mg +2 HCl -> MgCl2 + H2

x_________2x_____x_______x(mol)

Zn + 2 HCl -> ZnCl2 + H2

y___2y_____y_______y(mol)

Ta có hpt: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24x+65y=15,3\\x+y=0,3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{21}{205}\\y=\dfrac{81}{410}\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>mMg=21/205 . 24 = 504/205(g)

mZn=81/410 . 65=1053/82(g)

Số ra xấu quá

a) Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow24a+27b=5,1\)  (1)

Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

Bảo toàn electron: \(2a+3b=0,5\)  (2)

Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,1\cdot24}{5,1}\cdot100\%\approx47,06\%\\\%m_{Al}=52,94\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) Bảo toàn nguyên tố: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,5\cdot36,5}{7,3\%}=250\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{HCl}=\dfrac{250}{1,2}\approx208,33\left(ml\right)\)

a) Gọi số mol Mg, Fe là a, b (mol)

=> 24a + 56b = 11,84

\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{146.14\%}{36,5}=0,56\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl₂ + H₂

            a--->2a--------->a----->a

           Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl₂ + H₂

            b-->2b-------->b------>b

=> 2a + 2b = 0,56

=> a = 0,12; b = 0,16

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%Mg=\dfrac{0,12.24}{11,84}.100\%=24,324\%\\\%Fe=\dfrac{0,16.56}{11,84}.100\%=75,676\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) \(n_{H_2}=a+b=0,28\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(V_{H_2}=0,28.22,4=6,272\left(l\right)\)

c) m_{dd sau pư} = 11,84 + 146 - 0,28.2 = 157,28 (g)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{0,12.95}{157,28}.100\%=7,25\%\\C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,16.127}{157,28}.100\%=12,92\%\end{matrix}\right.\)